例1Among the advantages that future biochips, or“living computers”, would have over conventional semiconductor chips are that they are smaller, they do not generate as much heat, and they allow for the parallel processing of information, making them faster than today?s semiconductor devices.
分析:这是一个倒装句。主语是以that引导的三个并列句:they are smaller, theydo:heat和they allow:information,谓语动词是are, among:chips是表语。that future:chips是advantages的定语从句。介词over是advantages所要求的。as much heat是与conventional semiconductor chips比较而言的。allow for意为“可以供……之用”。making:devices修饰主语中的第三个句子,与前面两个无关。该句的翻译可采用两种方法:are前面的部分用逆序法,后面的部分用顺序法。
译文:与普通半导体晶片相比,未来的生物芯片或者“活计算机”具有一些优点:体积小,产生的热量少,并能并行处理信息,从而使其速度比当今的半导体元件更快。例2This is the world out of which grows the hope, for the first time in history, of a societyswheresthere will be freedom from want and freedom from fear.分析:句中的定语从句out of which grows the hope…是完全倒装句。主语the hope of a society和定语where there will be…fear较长,置于动词grows之后。由于限制性定语从句out of which grows the hope…of a society与主句关系紧密,所以采用融合法将This is the world…of a society译成一个单句。where引导的定语从句太长,可用后置法译成一个单句。