yes, that is the tai mahal, one of the most famous buildings in the world. (全国卷)
由后面的同位语的解释我们清楚地知道tai mahal就是一著名的建筑物。
6. 根据并列关系:一般由and, or等表示并列关系。
例如:
in the ancient city of rome, we visited every mansion, battle site, theatre and other public halls.
因为mansion与“战场遗址”、“剧院”、“其它公众厅”并列,所以mansion也应该属于建筑物或场所。
7. 根据比喻关系:一般由as…as, like等表示。
例如:
the hot-air balloon took off. it was as buoyant in the air as a rose leaf in water.
根据“就像水中的玫瑰叶”这样的比喻可知,buoyant是“飘浮的”之意。
8. 根据定义关系:定义句的谓语动词多为be, mean, be considered, refer to, be called, be known as等。
例如:
sociology is the term used to describe the scientific study of human society.
根据“是用来描述人类社会的科学研究的术语”的定义,可知sociology是“社会学”之意。
9. 根据所举实例:一般由for example, such as, like等来表示举例。
例如:
many united nations employees are polyglot. ms white, for example, speaks six languages.
由所举实例,不难推出polyglot的意思是“懂多种语言的”。
10. 根据同义关系:根据生词所处语境中的同义或近义词的意思来推测它的意思。
例如
doctors believe that smoking cigarettes is detrimental to your health. they also regard drinking as harmful.
由语境可知, detrimental与harmful同义,意为“不利的,有害的”。
11. 根据转换说法:插入语that is, that is to say, in other words以及namely, i.e., or等都可以用来对前面的内容进行解释,意为“也就是说、即”。
例如:
the cinema is only open to adults, i.e. people over 18.
根据people over 18可知,adult是“成年人”之意。
12. 根据标点符号:冒号、破折号、括号等都可表示对前文的解释或说明。
例如:
new houses, large schools, modern factories, more horses and sheep — everywhere we saw signs of prosperity.
根据破折号前面的具体描述,可猜测prosperity 意为“繁荣”。
13. 根据定语从句:由生词后起修饰限制或起补充说明的定语从句推测其意思。
例如:
jack is now a florist, who keeps a shop for selling flowers in our district.
由后面起补充作用的非限制性定语从句可推知生词florist是“花店主”之意。
14. 根据逻辑推理:根据生词前后的搭配关系和上下文的意思等来推测其意思。
例如:
although the fisherman was wearing sou’wester, the storm was so heavy that he was wet through.
因生词sou’wester是wear的宾语,应当是一种“衣”或“帽”,又由although和后面一个分句,可以推知它是指“防雨的衣”。
the snake slithered through the grass.
根据有关蛇的生活习性的知识,我们可以推断出slither的词义为“爬行”。
17. 根据构词方法:根据前缀、后缀、合成、转换等构词法来推测生词的意思。
例如:
after just a few days on the job, i began noticing that the other fellows were overcharging passengers. (广东卷)
因同学们学过charge(收费、要价),根据前缀over-的意思“过多、过分”,可推知overcharge是“索价太高”之意。